![]() Besides HCl, sulfuric acid (H 2SO 4) is also used to acidify drinking water for animal colonies 26, 27, 28. Furthermore, we have recently demonstrated that HCl-acidified drinking water (average pH: 2.8) received from weaning (postnatal day 21) significantly altered the behavior and gut microbiota of Cln3 −/− and 129S6/SvEv wild-type mice 1. The Jackson Laboratory, a main provider of wild type and transgenic mouse strains for the research community, also uses acidified drinking water for their mice 22.Īlthough, no adverse health effect of acidified drinking water has been reported, three recent studies showed that acidified drinking water can change the microbial flora living in the gut (gut microbiota), and this change affects autoimmunity 23, 24, 25. Many research institutes including e.g., the National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 2, 3, 4, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 5, 6, 7, 8, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 9, 10, 11, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 12, 13, 14, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 15, 16, 17, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 18, 19, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 20, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 21 use acidified drinking water in their animal facilities. Since pathogenic bacteria cannot grow in acidified water, acidification of drinking water to a pH between 2.5 and 3.0 is widely used to prevent the spread of bacterial diseases in animal colonies 1. To shed some light on how acidified drinking water affects the physiology of 129S6/SvEv mice, we analyzed the serum and fecal metabolomes and found remarkable, acidified water-induced alterations. Our results demonstrate that the effects of acidified drinking water on the behavior and gut microbiota of 129S6/SvEv mice depends on the acid used for acidification. As compared to 129S6/SvEv mice receiving non-acidified or HCl-acidified drinking water, the gut microbiota of 129S6/SvEv mice on H 2SO 4-acidified water displayed significant alterations at every taxonomic level especially at 6 months of age. In contrast to HCl-acidified water, H 2SO 4-acidified water only temporarily impaired the pole-descending ability of mice (at 3 months of age), and did not change the performance in an accelerating rotarod test. ![]() ![]() Here we examined the effects of H 2SO 4-acidified drinking water (pH = 2.8) received from weaning (postnatal day 21) on the behavior and gut microflora of 129S6/SvEv mice, a mouse strain commonly used in transgenic studies. Besides hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H 2SO 4) is also used to acidify drinking water. Acidification of drinking water to a pH between 2.5 and 3.0 is widely used to prevent the spread of bacterial diseases in animal colonies.
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